Innovation policy is good at counting the flows and poor at seeing the stock beneath them. Research spending, patents and publications record a year of activity, while the accumulated capacity that makes it productive, metros and rail, digital networks and data centres, skills and public space, goes uncounted. That stock is the necessary condition for an ecosystem to perform, and the same gap now shapes the AI question, since AI pays off only where the complementary stock is

The Sydney Plan places Bradfield beside the Sydney CBD and Parramatta as an anchor of the metropolitan economy. Drawing on more than ninety case studies behind The Handbook of Innovation Ecosystems, this Insight sets out what the international evidence says about the places that succeed, how ecosystems create value through productivity, resilience and conferral, and the three questions the Bradfield Development Authority now needs to answer about vision, integration and lived